Concord Sonata by Charles Ives has been widely recognized as one of the most innovative modern piano pieces composed in 20th century for its uniqueness and complexity. At the same time, this contemporary piece has been known as one of the hardest pieces to play.
The most distinct problem raised in playing this piece is that notations Ives used are very complicated and unclear. Unlike traditional composers, he doesn’t clearly direct performer to play the piece. For the flexibility of playing, he said, “Concord Sonata is changeable depending on the mood or circumstance. This freedom of playing bears the improvisational possibility.” Furthermore, experimental keyboard techniques Ives used make the piece even harder to play. Interestingly, Ives provides performers Essay Before A Sonata. This essay consists Emerson, Hawthorne, The Alcott, and Thoreau, which related to four movements in the piece and reflects Ives’s transcendentalism.
Throughout the presentation, efficient performance approaches for Concord Sonata will be addressed and demonstrated. Individual movements in the piece will be interpreted according to Essay Before A Sonata: the genesis of the essay and Ives’ suggestions in his own performance notes will be acknowledged. Many pianists have acknowledged that this piece is almost unplayable, yet this presentation will share possible guidance to play the piece.
Along with the technicality and interpretation of the piece, the reception side of this experimental piece will be addressed in terms of Comprovisation and Structuralism. Also, how this piece could be understood, or received by both performer and listeners will be addressed.